Apparatus for electrically operating planing-machines and the like reciprocating tools.



A. P. WOOD & R. S. McLEOD.

APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICALLY OPERATING PLANING MACHINES AND THE LIKE RECIPROCATJNG TOOLS.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-27 1913.

1,147,585. Patented July 20, 1915.

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' APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICALLY OPERATING PLANING MACHINES AND THE LIKE RECIPROCATING TOOLS.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.27. 1913. 1,147,585. Patented July 20, 1915.

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ATPLICATION FILED DEC.27, I9I3- Patented July 20, 1915.

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APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICALLY OPERATING PLANING MACHINES AND THE LIKE RECIPROCATING TOOLS.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-2T1 l9l3.

1,147,585. I Patented July 20, 1915.

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APPARATUS FOR EL ECTRICALLY OPERATING PLANING MACHINES AND THE LIKERECIPROCATING TOOLS. APPLICATIION FILED DEC. 27, I913.

1,147,585. Patented July 20,1915.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR PEMBERTON wool), 01 HALE, AND ROBERT sTAEEonE MoLEOD, 0E mns- EU Y, NEAR MANCHESTER, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR ELECTRIGALLY OPERATING PLANING-MACHINES AND THE LIKE REGIIPBOCATING TOOLS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 20, 1915.

Application filed December 27, 1913. Serial No. 809,126.

TON Wooo, asubject of the King of Great Britain, and residin inHale, in the county of Chester, Englan and ROB RT STAFFORD MoLEoD, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and residing in Didsbury, near Manchester, in the county of Lancaster, England, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Electrically Operating Planing-Machines and they like Reciprocating Tools, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to switch gear by means of which the movement of a reciprocating tool such as a planing machine is adapted to automatically controlthe movement of the electric motor by which the feed screw of the tool is operated. In such gear it is necessary, after a cutting stroke has been made, that the motor by which the feed screw is actuated should be rotated through a definite angular amount, and such rotation should preferably take place after the return stroke of the tool has been made, and be completed before the succeeding cutting stroke is commenced.

Reciprocatingtools are provided with an adjustable tappet gear by means of which movement is imparted, at the end of the cutting stroke or at the end of the return stroke, as may-be preferred, to asuitable movable piece such asa tappet rod, and according to the present invention the movement so given to the said part, say a tappet rod, is utilized to close the energizing circuit of the feed motor, whereupon the motor commences to rotate; the amount of rotation of the motor required depends upon the feed which it is desired to give to the tool, and according to the present invention, the movement of the electric motor itself, while effecting the predetermined amount of feed, is utilized to open the energizing circuit of the motor, and if necessary to actuate an electrically operated brake, or to close the circuit of a brake resistance in series with the motor armature.

The invention is applicable generally for controlling the energizing circuit of the motor; such circuit may be the main motor circuit, but preferably the arrangement for operating a feed motor to which the invention is applied, is as follows ;-A constantly driven generator isprovided, the armature of which is connected in series with the armature of the feed motor. The field winding of the generator is adapted to be connected across a suitable source of potential by means of switch gear operated by the joint action of the machine tappet ear and the movement of the feed motor. en. the field winding of the generator is connected to a suitable source of potential, the feed motor is supplied with current from the generator, and rotates, when the said circuit is opened, the supply of current ceases and the motor stops. The switch gear described hereinafter is adapted to control the said field winding of the generator.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 shows the general arrangement as applied to a planing machine; Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the electrical connections; Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of the switch gear and its connections; Figs. 4 and 5 are, respectively, an elevation partly in section and a sectional side elevation of one form of switch operating gear; Figs. 6 and 7 show a modification; Fig. 6 is a frag* mentary elevation of the cam disk S Figs. 8, 9' and 10 are views of a suitable form of speed changing gear and resistance control car. g Referring first to Fig. 1 ;A is the planing machine, a being the tool box, a the cross slide and B the feed screw; a is the planer table and a and a. are the adjustable tappets which operate a tappet lever a in the usual manner. C is the'tappet rod.

M is an electric motor the armature s indle of which is geared'to the feed screw and also geared through a speed changing gear box N to one of two moving parts by the joint action of which arts as hereinafter described the switch E Fig. 2) is operated;

the other moving part is operated by the tappet rod C.

Fig. 2 shows the preferred arrangement for energizing the motor M. P and Q' are two mains which are connected to any suitable source of potential, such for example as a generator R. G is a generator driven at constant speed by any suitable means and its armature is connected in serieswith the change speed screw B to which motor Mg the field winding (i of the generator is adapted to be connected across the main P and Q, through'the contacts e by the .switch E, an ad'ustable resistance F, and a reversing switch ,and it is provided with a discharge or bufi'er resistance G", is a braking resistance adapted to be connected across the motor armature through the contacts e by the switch E. M is the motor field winding which may be connected across P, Q, and O is a switch by means of which the winding Gr can be connected across P, Q, independently of the switch E and resistance F.

Referring now to Fig. 3;--The switch E is carried at the end of an arm N pivoted on the spindle n, the arm N carries a pinion n which gears with an internally toothed wheel S and an externall toothed wheel T. The wheel T is driven by the pawl t on the ratchet lever 23- by the tappet rod C, and the wheel S is driven by a wheel 8 gearing with teeth on the periphery of S; on the spindle 8 change wheels 8 s are mounted and the wheel 8 on the lever s is adapted to gear with s", s or s, and also ears with the pinion 8" which is keyed on t e spindle m driven by direction changin gear from the motor spindle m. When -t e wheel T is operated by the tappet gear the pinion n and lever N carry the, switch E around till it connects the contacts a and connects the winding G across the mains P, Q; this causes the motor to rotate whereupon the movement of the wheel S driven by the motor in the opposite direction moves the pinion n lever N and switch E back till it closes the contacts 6 and puts the brakmg resistance across the motor armature which brings the latter to rest gear enables any desired speed ratio to be maintained between the feed the motor is geared, and the wheel S. The lever 8 carries a rheostat switch contact. a the position of which in relation to the resistance contacts depends upon the position of the lever 8 so that the magnitude of the resistance F. depends upon --the number of revolutions made by the motor each time the feed is effected.

In Figs. 4 and 5 the arrangement is similar to that described, except that instead of spur wheels T and S, bevel wheels T and S are employed and, a bevel pinion. n is mounted'on'. the lever N which carries the switch E. As before E closes the contacts 6 when moved in, the one direction by the wheel T operated by the tappet gear, and closes the contacts 6 when moved in the opposite direction by the wheel S operated by the feed motor. The wheel T is operated by means of the ratchet wheel t, pawl t and pawl lever r 'reci rocated by the tappet rod C; t is a 100 'ng pawl. By and operating quickly. The

carries the cam it by means of a lever W also slotted as at w and connected to the lever t by a pin 10 the angular movement of t, for a 'ven movement of W, may be adjusted by a teration of the'position of the pin '10 in the slot to in which slot it is held fixed by a nut w. The lever W has a short arm w carrying a roller w which roller fits in a slot w in the tappet rod C; a portion of the slot is disposed obliquely to the direction of motion which Q is constrained to take'by the guides w". G is reciprocated by the planer tappet lever a in any convenient manner. The ends 10 of the slot w are made parparallel to the direction of motion of the rod C so that the movement of the lever W is efi'ected by the operation of the roller 'w after the beginning and before the end of the movement of the tappet rod C; in this way the actuation of the lever W is positive and definite irrespectively of any lost motion or back-lash in the tappetgear or of any over-running of the tappet gear. locking lever 2! 1s connected to or made integral with the lever W. k is a spindle havin the w eels m and m when the direction of the motor has to be reversed to reverse the motion of the feed screw, and H is a reversing switch adapted to change the direction of rotation of the \motor. The motor spindle m is connected by a speed change gearbox, as shown in igs. 8, 9

.and 10 and described hereinafter, to the spindle 'm. which's connected by direction changing bevel gear m, m, M3, to the spindle mof which the wheels m and m are keyed.-

Referring now to Figs. 6 and 7 the motor spindle isconnected by speed changing gear to the shaft m, andthe latter is connected by direction changing gear m, m and m" to the spin cam disk S to which angular movement is thus given by the motor M. In line with the spindle m is a rotatable part T mounted inthe bearing at. T carries a-transverse spindle t on one end of which is a lever t" adapted to be actuated b the ed e 8 of the cam plate S and on t e spin e t 'is a lever t which engages with a stem t passing through an axial borein T and carrying the switch E When T is rotated by the tappet gear 0*, pawl lever t, pawl t and ratchet t", relatively to S 1n the direction of the arrow Z, the lever t" moves clear of the edge 8 of the cam plate S and the springlef moves the stem t into aposition in w ich the switch E connects the contacts e.. The motor now rotates and direction as that in which T was moved;

at the end of the motor movement the edge 8 of the cam disk S engages with the lever t rotating the spindle t and lever t"- an end crank pin h adapted to move dle m on which is mounted a disk S around in the same which latter actuates the stem t and moves the switch E out of contact with the conmagnet winding tacts e and into a position in which it connects the contacts 6 and closes the brake control circuit. The angular movement imparted to the part T can be regulated by means which vary the movement imparted to the ratchet t". 72. is a spindle having an end crank pin 72. adapted to move the wheels m and m when the direction of the motor has to bereversed to reverse the motion of the feed screw, and H is a reversing switch adapted to change the direction of rotation of the motor.

Referring now to Figs. 8, 9 and 10 which show the mode of construction of the change speed gear for the motor operated part of the switch gear, and the rheostat switch. Fig. 8 is a plan partly in section and with the cover of the gear box removed. Fig. 9 is a side elevation and Fig. 10 is a transverse section on the line X, X, of Fig. 10, showing the hand lever in position with the intermediate wheel gearing with the largest diameter change wheel. The spindle p is driven by the change wheels 19, 2 37 etc., through the intermediate wheel' on mounted on the lever m which is driven by the wheel at feathered 'on the spindle m which is driven by a clutch m and m from the spindle m which may be a motor spindle or acontinuation thereof. The spindle m is pressed to the left by the spring m (exerting pressure through the ball race m and adjusted by the screw m) so that the clutch member m on the spindle m normally engages with the clutch member m on the shaft m which latter clutch member and shaft m are fixed axially. The clutch member m is attached to a plate on which forms the armature of an annular magnet m energized by coil m. When it is desired to actuate the feed screw for traversing purposes, the traversing switch'O (see Fig. 2) is closed, whereupon'the circuit of the m is energized and the spindle. m is disconnected from the spindle m by the axial movement of the armature m and the clutch member m The lever m is pivoted on the boss of the pinion m so that the lever and pinion can slide on the spindle m. The switch operating part actuated by the motor is driven by the spindle 39 through direction changing bevel gear as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, and 6 and 7. The gear is inclosed by a casin N, and the handle of the lever m pro ects through an' opening in the casing which opening is provided with steps a and with looking holes 12 to take the pin n onthe locking lever n (see Fig. 10).

It will be seen from an inspection of Figs. 8, 9 and 10 that by moving the lever to the appropriate step and looking it in the appropriate locklng hole the intermediate wheel we may be geared with any of the change wheels 11 2 22 etc., to give the desired velocity ratio-between the spindle p and the spindle m F (Fig. 8) is the regulating resistance or rheostat and m is the switch therefor. This switch arm is connected through a bearing sleeve to a lever 10 provided with an extension pin 70 passing through a'hole in the shank of the-handle of the operate the feed screw, a circuit including a source of potential which circuit when closed causes a current to be supplied to operate the motor, a part connected to the tappet gear and to which intermittent movement is imparted by said gear; a part connected to the motor and to which movement is imparted by the motor as the latter actuates the feed screw, and a moving piece articulated to said two parts and to which move ment is imparted when there is relative movement between the said two parts, and a switch connected to said moving piece and adapted to control said circuit; substantially as described.

2. In apparatus for operating a feed screw of a reciprocating tool in combination; a feed screw, a tappet gear actuated by the reciprocating part, a motor adapted to operate the feed screw, a circuit including a source of potential which circuit when closed causes a current to be supplied to operate the motor, a brake device adapted to arrest the motor; an electric circuit to control the brake device; a part connected to the tappet gear and to which intermittent movement is imparted by said gear; a part connected to the motor and to which movement is imparted by the motor as the latter actuates the feed screw, amoving piece articulated to said two parts and to which movement is imparted when there is relative movement between the said two parts, and a switch conswitch comprising a part to which angular movement is given bythe tappet gear, a part to which angular movement is given by the motor, a moving piece connected to the switch and actuated by relative movement between the sald two parts, and means for regulating the amount of angular movement given to one of the said parts; substantially feed motor geared to the feed screw, a motor ener izing circuit, anda switch to control said circuit ;means for operating the switch comprising a part to which angular movement is given by the tappet gear, a part to which angular movement is given'by the motor, a moving piece connected to the switch and actuated by relative movement between the said two parts, and means for regulating the amount of angular movement given to both of the said parts; substantially as described.

5. In. apparatus for operating the feed screw of a reciprocating tool, and in combination with the feed screw a tappet gear, a feed motor geared to the feed screw, a motor energizing circuit, and a switch to con trol said circuit ;-means for operating the switch comprising a part to which angular movement is given by the tappet gear, a part to which angular movement 1s given by the motor, a moving piece connected to the switch and actuated by relative movement between the, said two parts; means for regulating the amount of angular movement given to one of the said parts; and a direction changing gear between the motor and the part actuated thereby; substantially as described.

6. In apparatus for i operating the feedscrew of a reciprocating tool, and in comblnatlon with the feed screw, a ta pet gear, a feed motor geared to the fee screw, a

-motor energizing circuit, and a switch to control said circuit, means for operating the switch comprising a part to which angular movement is given by the tappet gear, a part to which angular movement is given by the motor, a moving iece connected to the switch and actuated By relative movement between the said two parts; means for regulating the amount of angular movement given to one of the said parts; a resistance to regulate the speed ofthe motor, a switch connected to the said means and adapted to vary theresistance; substantially as described.

7. In apparatus for operating the feed screw of a reciprocating tool, and in combination with the feed screw a tappet gear, a feed motor geared to the feed screw, a motor energizing circuit, a brake device adapted to arrest the motor, a circuit to control the brake device, a part to which intermittent rotary movement is given by the tappet gear by means of a ratchet gear, means for varying the amount of the rotary movement so imparted, a rotatable part geared to the motor by speed changing and direction chang; ing gear, a moving piece articulated to hot said parts and adapted when the former part is moved relatively to the latter part to move the switch to close the motor ener izing circuit and to hold it closed till the atter part has been moved through a prescribed angle by the motor whereupon the switch is moved to close the brake controlling circuit; substantially as described.

8. In apparatus for operatin the feed screw of a reciprocating tool, an in combination with the feed screw, a tappet gear, a feed motor geared to the feed screw, a motor energizing circuit, and a switch to control said circuit ;means for operating the switch, comprising a toothed wheel geared to the motor through speed changing and direction changing gear, and a second toothed wheel to which angular movement is given by the tappet gear; a toothed pinion mounted on a movable axis and gearing with said. switch; means for regulating the amount of angular movement given to the said wheels; substantially as described.

9. In apparatus for operatin the feed screw of a reciprocating tool, an in combination with-the feed screw, a tappet gear, a feed motor geared to the feed screw, a motor energizing circuit, and a switch to control said circuit ;-means for operating the switch comprising a bevel wheel geared to the motor through speed changin anddb rection changing gear; a rotata le bevel wheel to which adjustable angular movement is given by the tappet gear; a bevel pinion mounted on a mova le axis and gearing with the said bevel wheels and adapted to operate the said switch; substantially as tor energizing clrcult, a brake device to arrest the motor, a brake controlling circuit, a

resistance in the motor energizing circuit, a resistance controlling switch, and a main switch adapted in the one position to close the motor energizing circuit and in the other position to close the brake circuit;-means 'for operating the switches comprising a bevel wheel, gearing connecting sa1d beveled wheel to the motor, said gearing comprising a speed changing ear and a direction changing gear, the ormer adapted also to operate the resistance regulating switch and a direction changing switch adaptedto be operated by the latter; and a bevel wheel to which adjustable angular movement is im-' parted by the tool tappet gear; substantially as described.

11. In apparatus for operating the feed screw of a reciprocating tool, and in combination with the feed screw, a tappet gear, a feed motor geared to the feed screw, a motor energizing circuit, and a switch to control said circuit ;means for operating the switch comprising a part to which angular movement is given by the motor, a part to which angular movement is given by the tappet gear, and a moving piece connected to the switch and actuated by relative movement between the said two parts; and means connecting the tappet gear to the part actuated. by it comprising a device by which the said movement is imparted before the tappet gear reaches the extreme limits of its stroke; substantially as described.

12. In apparatus for operating the feed screw of a reciprocating tool, and in combination with'the feed screw, a tappet gear, a feed motor geared to the feed screw, a mo tor energizing circuit, and a switch to control said circuit;means for operating the switch comprising a part to which angular movement is given by the motor, a part to which angular movement is given by the tappet gear, and a moving'piece connected to the switch and actuated by relative movement between the said two parts; and means connecting the tappet gear to the part actuated by it comprising a ratchet on the latter part, a pawl and ratchet lever, said lever being actuated by a reciprocating bar connected to the tappet' gear and provided with a slot a portion of which is oblique to the direction of motion and a portion of which is parallel to the direction of motion; substantially as described.

13. In apparatus for operating the feed screw of a reciprocating tool, and in combination with the feed screw, a tappet gear, a feed motorgeared to the feed screw, a motor energiz ngcircuit, and a switch to control said c1rcu1t;means for operating the switch comprising a part tov which angular movement is given by the motor, a part to which angular movement is given by the tappet gear, and a movin piece connected "ter part, a pawl'carried by the ratchet lever,

a secondary lever adapted to actuate the ratchet lever and to impart to it a regulatable stroke, and a bar actuated by the tappet gear and adapted to operate the secondary lever by means of a slot a part of which is arranged obliquely to the direction of motion and a part of which is arranged parallel to the direction of motion; substantially as described.

14. In apparatus for operating the feed screw of a reciprocating tool, and in combination with the feed screw, a tappet gear, a feed motor geared to the feed screw, a motor energizing circuit, and a switch to control said circuit ;-means for operating the switch comprising a part to which angular movement is giyen by the motor, apart to which angular movement is given by the tappet gear, and a moving piece connected to the switch and actuated-by relative movement between the said two-parts; and means connecting the 'tappet' gear'to the part actuated by it comprising a ratchet on the latter part, a slotted ratchet lever and pawl, a secondary lever having a slot. to take an adjustable pin enga 'ng with a slot in the ratchet lever, sai secondary lever being provided with an arm connected to the ratchet lever carrying a pin; and a bar actuated by the tappet gear and having a slot.

therein, a portion of which is arranged obliquely to the direction of motion, and a portion of which is arranged parallel to .the direction of motion, said oblique part being adapted to actuate the secondary lever through the said pin; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we afiix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

ARTHUR. PEMBERTON WOOD. ROBERT STAFFORD MoLEOD.

- Witnesses: MALCOLM Smnmunsr Josnrn E. Hmsn. 

